1,955 Billing jobs in the Philippines

The Billing Operations Specialist will work in conjunction with the Billing Specialist team to manage invoice review/reconciliation and dispute resolution. The Billing Operations Specialist will be a point of contact for escalations and will act as a liaison with internal and external customers.

Responsibilities:

• Assist as needed with weekly review of invoice proposals and invoice exceptions/disputes based upon individual client contract specifications.
• Will serve as a point of escalation for billing issues, disputes, and client/affiliate/vendor communication.
• Regular communication with Sales Teams regarding escalation of billing issues and client/affiliate/vendor concerns.
• Work closely with Credit and Collections Team regarding escalations and potential credit concerns.
• Monitor and work unapplied balances and serve as an escalation point for the Cash Application Team.
• Support training and enablement of new hires and serve as a subject matter expert when needed.
• Provide excellent customer service to both internal and external customers, ensuring that issues are resolved in a prompt and professional manner.
• Act as a resource or subject matter expert for our internal/external collaborators.
• Other duties/projects as assigned.

Requirements:

• Minimum 1 year of Accounts Receivable and/or Billing experience required.
• Proficient in Microsoft Office Suite including Word, Excel, and Outlook.
• Excellent organizational skills with the ability to prioritize effectively.
• Solid critical thinking skills.
• Ability to make independent decisions using exceptional judgement.
• Effective listening skills.
• Motivated with excellent customer service, interpersonal, and verbal/written communication skills.
• Must be willing to work in the office at Bridgetowne, Quezon City
• Must be willing to work during US time zone

Benefits:

• Health insurance
• Life insurance
• Staff meal provided

EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY

Worldwide Resource Solutions provides Equal Employment Opportunity in compliance with all applicable government laws, ensuring equal opportunity in all aspects of employment.

Data Privacy Disclaimer:

Worldwide Resource Solutions is committed to protecting your privacy. This privacy policy applies to the personal data collected and processed during the recruitment process. We will process your personal data in accordance with applicable data protection legislation.

Purpose of Processing:

Your personal data will be collected and processed solely for the purpose of recruitment and selection activities related to the advertised position. This includes assessing your qualifications for the role, communicating with you during the recruitment process, and making hiring decisions.

Types of Personal Data Collected:

We may collect and process the following types of personal data:

• Contact information (e.g., name, address, email address, phone number)

• Professional qualifications and work experience

• Educational background and certifications

• Employment history and references

• Any other information you voluntarily provide in your application

Legal Basis for Processing:

Processing of your personal data is necessary for the performance of a contract to which you are a party (i.e., to assess your suitability for employment) and for our legitimate interests in making employment decisions.

Data Retention:

Your personal data will be retained for as long as necessary to fulfill the purposes outlined in this privacy policy, unless a longer retention period is required or permitted by law.

Disclosure of Personal Data:

Your personal data may be disclosed to third parties only when necessary for the purposes of recruitment and selection, such as to external recruitment agencies or background check providers. We will ensure that any third parties processing your data on our behalf do so securely and in accordance with applicable data protection laws.

Security of Personal Data:

We have implemented appropriate technical and organizational measures to protect your personal data against unauthorized or unlawful processing and against accidental loss, destruction, or damage.

Your Rights:

You have the right to request access to, rectification of, or erasure of your personal data. You also have the right to restrict processing, object to processing, and the right to data portability. To exercise these rights, or if you have any questions regarding the processing of your personal data, please contact

Consent:

By submitting your application, you consent to the processing of your personal data as described in this privacy policy.

Job Types: Full-time, Permanent

Benefits:

• Health insurance
• Life insurance
• Opportunities for promotion
• Staff meals provided

Application Question(s):

• Are you amenable to work on night shift, shifting schedule, Holidays and weekends?
• Are you willing to work on permanent onsite set-up in Bridgetowne, Quezon City?
• What is you salary expectation?
• When is your availability to start?

Work Location: In person

Are you detail-oriented, organized, and looking to grow your career in SaaS finance operations? Join our global Billing team and play a key role in ensuring that our customers receive a seamless, accurate, and on-time billing experience.

As a Billing Operations Specialist, you'll be hands-on in our day-to-day order-to-cash processes processing orders, generating invoices, supporting collections, and partnering with Sales to resolve account questions. You'll follow a well-defined playbook while also contributing ideas to improve efficiency, automation, and accuracy across our systems. This is a great opportunity for someone eager to deepen their expertise in SaaS billing while working closely with experienced leaders in a fast-growing company.

• Process with precision: Enter and validate new orders in Salesforce and NetSuite, making sure all approvals and details are complete.
• Enable customer success: Provision accounts so end users have the right entitlements without delay.
• Deliver accurate billing: Generate and validate invoices in NetSuite, ensuring tax, terms, and amounts are correct.
• Be a problem solver: Respond to internal billing tickets, working with Sales and other teams to resolve subscription and account inquiries.
• Support collections: Help manage in-product reminders, support collection activities, and ensure onboarding forms are complete.
• Stay agile: Assist with quarter-end workload balancing and coverage planning.

• 2-4+ years of billing operations or order-to-cash experience, ideally in a SaaS or technology company.
• Familiarity with NetSuite, Salesforce, Stripe, Tesorio, and Excel.
• A sharp eye for detail, with the discipline to follow checklists and maintain accuracy in high-volume processing.
• Strong written and verbal communication skills with a customer-first mindset.
• Highly organized, dependable, and able to follow through on multiple accounts and priorities.
• Comfortable working in PST (San Francisco) hours to stay aligned with the broader Finance team.

• High daily volume processed with first-pass accuracy.
• Invoices issued on time and internal billing tickets resolved quickly.
• Low exception rates and minimal rework required.
• Adherence to playbooks, SOPs, and documentation standards.
• Reliable partner to cross-functional teams in a fast-changing, growth environment.

Join our dynamic Finance Operations team and take the lead in driving excellence across our global order-to-cash processes. In this role, you'll oversee a dedicated offshore billing pod that ensures smooth, accurate, and scalable billing operations for one of the worlds most innovative SaaS companies.

As our Billing Operations Lead, you'll not only manage daily execution but also play a pivotal role in shaping processes, improving efficiency, and partnering with onshore leaders to ensure world-class billing experiences for our customers and internal teams. This is a high-impact role for someone who thrives at the intersection of leadership, process optimization, and collaboration.

• Lead & Empower: Manage and allocate daily work across order processing, invoicing, internal billing support, and collections while coaching and mentoring a small team.
• Ensure Excellence: Oversee QA and peer reviews, making sure every transaction is accurate, compliant, and audit-ready.
• Collaborate Globally: Partner with onshore leads to align SOPs, SLAs, and KPIs, ensuring consistent service across time zones.
• Drive Improvements: Identify gaps, propose automation opportunities, and refine playbooks, processes, and validation controls.
• Hands-On Impact: Jump in alongside your team to support order entry, invoicing, account inquiries, and collection activities especially during quarter-end cycles.

• 5-7+ years of SaaS billing or order-to-cash experience, with at least 2 years in a senior or lead capacity.
• Proven track record managing or scaling offshore/BPO teams and building structured playbooks and SOPs.
• Strong systems experience with NetSuite, Salesforce, Stripe, Tesorio, and Excel.
• Analytical mindset you're comfortable designing controls, reports, and root-cause fixes to improve accuracy and efficiency.
• Clear communicator who can collaborate across time zones and provide structured coaching to your team.
• Comfortable working in PST (San Francisco) time zone to stay closely aligned with our HQ team.

• High accuracy and on-time billing that strengthens trust with customers and stakeholders.
• Stronger processes and controls that scale with Notions rapid growth.
• A culture of continuous improvement, where your ideas and leadership drive real change.
• Cross-functional impact, partnering with Sales, Finance, and Operations to ensure a seamless customer experience.

No matter who you are, Pax8 is a place you can call home. We are growing globally, and are now expanding across Australia, New Zealand and Asia.

Culture is important to us, and at Pax8, it's business, and it IS personal. We are passionate, creative, and humorously offbeat. We work hard, keep it fun, and expect the best.

We Elev8 each other. We Advoc8 for our partners. We Innov8 continuously. We Celebr8 life.

Position Summary

The Billing Operations Manager ensures accurate billing and invoicing by executing the proactive observability and continuous improvement recommendations of our billing and pricing operations. They utilise data, tools, and automation to guide their recommendations and observability of the current operations. They will collaborate with Product & Engineering Teams, Finance and Vendor Operation Teams to inform strategic roadmap work and provide efficient forensic analysis into the ROI of proactive adjustments to the billing and pricing operations. This role collaborates with Automation and Observability Engineers and with relevant Product Managers to achieve preemptive detection and remediation of potential billing issues in an impactful, scalable, and repeatable way. They define and report operational performance metrics and prepare plans for continuous improvement.

This role will be based in our office in Makati, Manila, working a night shift (10:00pm - 8:00am). Employees are required to attend the office 5 days/week.

What You'll Do?

As a Billing Operations Manager at Pax8, you'll be the strategic force behind billing accuracy, process efficiency, and proactive issue resolution. You'll:

• Monitor billing performance against OKRs and SLOs, ensuring accuracy and timeliness across all processes.
• Collaborate cross-functionally with Finance, Vendor Ops, Product & Engineering, and Automation teams to drive continuous improvement.
• Lead the creation of automated dashboards and observability tools to detect and resolve billing anomalies before they impact customers.
• Document and optimize end-to-end billing processes, identifying triggers, signals, and opportunities for automation.
• Escalate and resolve billing issues swiftly, while proactively socializing changes that could impact billing operations.
• Use data to craft product enhancement requests that prioritize customer-centric outcomes.
• Deliver regular updates to stakeholders and leadership on billing enhancements, performance metrics, and roadmap alignment.

What You'll Do?

You're a detail-obsessed, data-driven billing expert who thrives in fast-paced, collaborative environments. You bring:

• 5+ years of experience in billing, invoicing, and financial systems.
• Hands-on experience with Stripe, Avalara, QuickBooks, NetSuite, and other financial tools.
• Proficiency in SQL and PowerBI to uncover insights and tell compelling data stories.
• Familiarity with Agile/Scrum methodologies and tools like Jira.
• Deep understanding of SaaS billing models and subscription-based revenue operations.
• Strong analytical and troubleshooting skills with a knack for documentation and communication.
• A self-starter mindset with a bias for action and the ability to work independently.
• Proven ability to collaborate across departments and influence outcomes.
• A customer-first approach and a track record of delivering enhancements that drive measurable results.

Why join Pax8?

Well here are a few points of how we value our greatest assets:

• At Pax8, we want to support you in both work and play. Sometimes there isn't enough time for the latter, which is why Pax8 offers an additional 2 weeks of bonus leave every year AND YES, the 2 weeks are available from your first day
• In addition to the above, we offer all our employees Private Health Insurance. Beneficial for when life happens
• Unlimited growth through our learning & development (L&D) programs in an environment that fosters internal promotions, helping you gain the necessary skills to reach the next step in your professional journey
• Connecting with our community is important – which is why we have our donation matching program, DEI-B events, and our employee resource groups to ensure everyone feels at home at Pax8.

About Us:

Pax8 is the leading value-added cloud-based SaaS marketplace, simplifying the cloud journey for our partners by integrating technology, business intelligence and proactive service to deliver an unparalleled experience. Serving thousands of partners through the indirect sales channel, our mission is to be the world's favourite place to buy cloud products.

Equal Opportunities

Pax8 is an equal opportunities employer and welcome individuals who are in possession of the appropriate requirements to work within the country the role is based in. Offered individuals will be asked to undertake identity, security compliance and reference checks. Your privacy is important to us. Your data will be held in accordance with Data Privacy best practices and processed only in accordance with our recruiting processes.

Job Applicant Privacy Notice

Your potential has a place here with TTEC's award-winning employment experience.  As a Billing Operations Analyst working remotely in Manila, Philippines, you'll be a part of bringing humanity to business. #experienceTTEC

Our employees have spoken. Our purpose, team, and company culture are amazing and our Great Place to Work certification in The Philippines says it all

What You'll Do

Looking for an opportunity to manage revenues, contracts and invoices?  The Billing Operations Analyst is responsible for all phases of billing administration for complex portfolio of accounts. Responsibilities include evaluating contracts, gathering reporting data, producing complex excel templates and validating of invoice data.

You'll report to a Billing Operations Manager where you will evaluate contracts, gathering reporting data, producing complex excel templates and validating of invoice data.

During a Typical Day, You'll

Invoicing:

• Reading, comprehending and interpreting complex contract requirements and translating those requirements into an invoice template.
• Reviewing and validating contract components and invoicing data provided by Operations. Communicating with Operations staff regarding program specifications.
• Gathering operational data from various reporting systems. Updating and maintaining relevant billing data in financial systems and ensure that all charges are billed completely and accurately.

Revenue Recognition and Recording:

• Reviewing and validating contract components
• Gathering operational data from various reporting systems
• Updating & maintaining relevant billing data in financial systems
• Ensure that all charges are recorded completely and accurately

What You Bring to the Role

• BA/BS or equivalent work experience
• 4 years experience with complex billing, collections and/or financial analysis experience required. Experience with telecommunications and call center operations a plus
• Intermediate Excel experience required
• Oracle Business Suite experience preferred
• Ability to interpret complex contracts
• Strong analytical abilities
• Very strong English written and oral communication skills

What You Can Expect

• Supportive of your career and professional development
• An inclusive culture and community minded organization where giving back is encouraged
• A global team of curious lifelong learners guided by our company values
• Ask us about our paid time off (PTO) and wellness and healthcare benefits
• And yes. a great compensation package and performance bonus opportunities, benefits you'd expect and maybe a few that would pleasantly surprise you (like tuition reimbursement

Visit for more information.

About TTEC

Our business is about making customers happy. That's all we do. Since 1982, we've helped companies build engaged, pleased, profitable customer experiences powered by our combination of humanity and technology. On behalf of many of the world's leading iconic and hypergrowth brands, we talk, message, text, and video chat with millions of customers every day. These exceptional customer experiences start with you.

TTEC is proud to be an equal opportunity employer where all qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, disability, or status as a protected veteran. TTEC embraces and is committed to building a diverse and inclusive workforce that respects and empowers the cultures and perspectives within our global teams. We aim to reflect the communities we serve, by not only delivering amazing service and technology, but also humanity. We make it a point to make sure all our employees feel valued, belonging, and comfortable being their authentic selves at work. As a global company, we know diversity is our strength because it enables us to view things from different vantage points and for you to bring value to the table in your own unique way.

Job Description
Client Billing Operations
supports the end to end Billing process for the Global business units within Banking, Markets and Investor Services. Support clients, globally, who use the Treasury Services, Custody, Accounting, Fund Administration, Investment Analytics, Trust & Fiduciary, Transfer Agency, Prime Brokerage, and OTC suite of products. Primary functions include account and product setup, validation of data inputs into the core billing applications, invoice production, validation & delivery.

• Over $3.7Bn in fees are billed annually to over 130,000 billing relationships in 29 countries
• Over 150 products supported by over 3,000 service codes & hundreds of price points
• Over 2.4 million statements and invoices are produced annually

As a Payment Lifecycle Associate within the Billing Operations team, you will support the end-to-end billing process for global business units within Commercial and Investment Bank, Markets, and Investor Services. You will perform invoice clearing within established SLAs and provide resolutions for invoice settlement inquiries. Your role is crucial in maintaining the integrity of our billing operations and ensuring client satisfaction.

Job Responsibilities

• Maintain various trackers and logs for metrics generation.
• Escalate internal and external findings to stakeholders promptly.
• Lead and participate in process improvements and re-engineering initiatives.
• Identify trends through data and behaviors to drive efficiencies.
• Coordinate efforts with peers and stakeholders to meet service level targets.a
• Address escalations in a timely manner.
• Represent the team in various forums.
• Research and remediate processing errors to resolve and prevent funding delays.
• Assist in monitoring Invoice Clearing KPIs and ensure timely resolution of breaks.

Required Qualifications, Capabilities, And Skills

• Strong knowledge of Investor Services products, including Custody and Fund Administration.
• Solid background in basic accounting.
• High energy and strong leadership abilities.
• Excellent organizational and time management skills.
• Outstanding communication skills, both written and oral.
• Ability to collaborate effectively to achieve functional goals.
• Excellent coaching and mentoring skills.
• Strong analytical and problem-solving skills.

Preferred Qualifications, Capabilities, And Skills

• Experience in process improvement and re-engineering.
• Familiarity with global billing operations and client support.

iption. While not every application will result in an interview, applications will be acknowledged.

About Us
JPMorganChase, one of the oldest financial institutions, offers innovative financial solutions to millions of consumers, small businesses and many of the world's most prominent corporate, institutional and government clients under the J.P. Morgan and Chase brands. Our history spans over 200 years and today we are a leader in investment banking, consumer and small business banking, commercial banking, financial transaction processing and asset management.

We recognize that our people are our strength and the diverse talents they bring to our global workforce are directly linked to our success. We are an equal opportunity employer and place a high value on diversity and inclusion at our company. We do not discriminate on the basis of any protected attribute, including race, religion, color, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, age, marital or veteran status, pregnancy or disability, or any other basis protected under applicable law. We also make reasonable accommodations for applicants' and employees' religious practices and beliefs, as well as mental health or physical disability needs. Visit our FAQs for more information about requesting an accommodation.

About The Team
J.P. Morgan's Commercial & Investment Bank is a global leader across banking, markets, securities services and payments. Corporations, governments and institutions throughout the world entrust us with their business in more than 100 countries. The Commercial & Investment Bank provides strategic advice, raises capital, manages risk and extends liquidity in markets around the world.

Our purpose
Here at Datacom, we connect people and technology in order to solve challenges, create opportunities and discover new possibilities for the communities we live in

The Nitty Gritty
Datacom is Australasia's largest homegrown technology services business of over 6500 people, from humble beginnings as a small family business, we have enjoyed healthy, organic, and sustainable growth to become a large multinational, that proudly holds on to our 'small family business feel.

We have extensive expertise in operating data centers, providing IT services, software engineering, and application management, as well as payroll and customer service design and operations. With this comes a long list of significant clients Datacom is committed to hiring, developing, and promoting the best talent from a diverse range of backgrounds. We are local at heart, yet world-class in capability

At the center of our vision and values are people: our people. We are guided by what is best for our staff, our customers, and our communities.

Growing to dominate the New Zealand government and corporate IT market, we expanded into the Philippines, Malaysia, and Australia in the mid-90s and have been growing in those regions ever since.

Do you have what it takes to help us grow? This is your chance to be part of something new, getting on from the 'ground floor' and benefiting from all the up-side of a 'start-up' initiative with the security of a large multinational (and yet none of the down-side).

Role Overview And Objectives
The Project Billing Operations Analyst is responsible for ensuring the consistent financial management of projects and contracts in Datacoms business operations. This role supports best practice in all aspects of the set-up and ongoing monitoring of active projects and contracts, across both Professional Services and Managed Services in order to manage data, bill correctly and provide accurate financial data.

Requirements
Knowledge

• Project administration
• Financial management and analysis, including:
• P&L oversight
• Budget setting and forecasting Work-in-progress
• Invoicing
• Relevant IT services experience
• Solid experience in dealing with senior level stakeholders
• Knowledge of finance management practices with a clear understanding of the relationship between costs, utilization and project revenue.

Experience

• 2+ years of demonstrated experience in a similar role.

Skills
Displays a positive attitude

• Visible willingness to support and help others
• Demonstrates flexibility in day-to-day work
• Sets high standards of performance for oneself
• Manages stakeholder expectations
• Establishes effective working relationship with stakeholders
• Uses good judgment in what and how to communicate with stakeholders
• Ability to frequently interact with a variety of stakeholders and team members.
• Ability to transform customer requirements into a technical solution and work according to deadlines.

Benefits
Our office is at BGC Taguig and we have hybrid work setup(Twice a week) and a flexible work schedule and we promote Work-Life balance, and an APAC focus means no graveyard shifts

We also provide exciting perks such as spotter fees, HMO with Free 4 Dependents, Leave credits, Performance bonuses, and a work-life balance environment.

Our purpose

Here at Datacom, we connect people and technology in order to solve challenges, create opportunities and discover new possibilities for the communities we live in

The Nitty Gritty

Datacom is Australasia's largest homegrown technology services business of over 6500 people, from humble beginnings as a small family business, we have enjoyed healthy, organic, and sustainable growth to become a large multinational, that proudly holds on to our 'small family business feel.

We have extensive expertise in operating data centers, providing IT services, software engineering, and application management, as well as payroll and customer service design and operations. With this comes a long list of significant clients Datacom is committed to hiring, developing, and promoting the best talent from a diverse range of backgrounds. We are local at heart, yet world-class in capability

At the center of our vision and values are people: our people. We are guided by what is best for our staff, our customers, and our communities.

Growing to dominate the New Zealand government and corporate IT market, we expanded into the Philippines, Malaysia, and Australia in the mid-90s and have been growing in those regions ever since.

Do you have what it takes to help us grow? This is your chance to be part of something new, getting on from the 'ground floor' and benefiting from all the up-side of a 'start-up' initiative with the security of a large multinational (and yet none of the down-side).

Role Overview and Objectives

The Project Billing Operations Analyst is responsible for ensuring the consistent financial management of projects and contracts in Datacoms business operations. This role supports best practice in all aspects of the set-up and ongoing monitoring of active projects and contracts, across both Professional Services and Managed Services in order to manage data, bill correctly and provide accurate financial data.

Requirements

Knowledge

• Project administration
• Financial management and analysis, including:
• P&L oversight
• Budget setting and forecasting Work-in-progress
• Invoicing
• Relevant IT services experience
• Solid experience in dealing with senior level stakeholders
• Knowledge of finance management practices with a clear understanding of the relationship between costs, utilization and project revenue.
• PowerBI experience is a PLUS
• Bachelor's degree in accounting/finance/management/business

Experience

• 3+ years of demonstrated experience in a similar role.
• Experience in billing/invoicing/processing timesheets/PO/project administration

Skills

• Displays a positive attitude
• Visible willingness to support and help others
• Demonstrates flexibility in day-to-day work
• Sets high standards of performance for oneself
• Manages stakeholder expectations
• Establishes effective working relationship with stakeholders
• Uses good judgment in what and how to communicate with stakeholders
• Ability to frequently interact with a variety of stakeholders and team members.
• Ability to transform customer requirements into a technical solution and work according to deadlines.

Benefits

Our office is at BGC Taguig and we have hybrid work setup(Twice a week) and a flexible work schedule and we promote Work-Life balance, and an APAC focus means no graveyard shifts

We also provide exciting perks such as spotter fees, HMO with Free 4 Dependents, Leave credits, Performance bonuses, and a work-life balance environment.

Why Join Us?

As one of Australasia's IT powerhouses, Datacom offers the agility and innovation of a startup, coupled with the influence and opportunities of an industry leader. Our people-first culture is palpable - you'll feel it the moment you walk through our doors.

We offer an array of perks, from vibrant social events to serene chill-out spaces, hybrid working setups, and an abundance of professional development opportunities. At Datacom, you'll grow your career, connect deeply with peers, and bring your true self to work every day.

Leading the charge in tech, we tackle some of the biggest challenges and most exciting opportunities across Australia and New Zealand. If you're eager for adventure and driven by possibility, you'll fit right in.

Join us as we champion an inclusive, fun, and supportive workplace where your contributions are celebrated, and your growth is nurtured. Together, let's explore what's possible and create the future

We are seeking an experienced Billing Operations Team Lead (BPO) to oversee billing operations, ensure accurate and timely processing of invoices and expense reports, maintain financial controls, and lead a team of 10–15 staff. This role requires strong leadership, accounting expertise, and proficiency in ERP systems to drive process efficiency and compliance.

Shift Schedule: Nightshift

Work Setup: Onsite

Qualifications:

• Bachelor's degree in business administration, accounting, finance, or related field preferred
• 3-5 years of accounting experience required
• 2-3 years of leadership experience (experience managing 10-15 FTEs) required.

• Experience with Billing and Insurance Account required.

• Experience working with accepted accounting principles and accounting software

• Must have large ERP AR system experience
• Strong personal computer and business solutions software skills
• Strong interpersonal skills for interacting accountants, clients, and upper management
• Excellent communication skills for communicating with support team, management, and clients
• Strong analytical and problem-solving skills

Job Responsibilities:

• Responsible for activities and operations in the accounts payable function for the organization.
• Analyzes invoices and expense reports for accuracy and eligibility for payment.
• Ensures timely payments of vendor invoices and expense vouchers and maintains accurate financial records and control reports.
• Prepares accounts payable register and related reports in a timely manner
• Supervises a small group of para-professional staff in an organization characterized by highly transactional or repetitive processes.
• Contributes to the development of processes and procedures.
• Thorough knowledge of functional area under supervision.